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FC 3213 L55 002.013 · Item · June 21, 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

An editorial extract from the Lethbridge News of 21st June 1888.

“Some Detective” headline is underlined in red. Referring to the North West Mounted Police, the writer asserts that “[t]he long-talked-of detective service has apparently fizzled down into a staff of whiskey informers.” Also comments on the unfair nature of the exemption the Canadian Pacific Railway has obtained from the liquor laws.

File · 1888-1891
Part of Prairie Ephemera Collection

The items included are regarding the formation and ending of the Canadian Pacific Colonization Corporation Ltd (CPCCL) which was formed in 1888 with the intent of founding a town in Alberta.
l) (Prospectus): Dominion of Canada, Province of Alberta. Canadian Pacific Colonization Corporation Limited. To found the town of Queenstown, North-Western Canada. Capital £500,000. Nov, 1888. 8 pages. 23 x 18 cm.
m) Reproduced letter: From Henry Hayman D. D. President of the CPCCL issued Feb. 21 1889. 24 x 19 cm.
n) Share Certificate: 25.5 x 22.5 cm for 10 shares in the CPCCL issued Feb. 21 1889
o) Broadside: 36.5 x 23 cm. Choice Lands in Alberta. Advert to induced people to move out and colonize Queenstown.
p) Transcript: 32.5 x 20 cm. Discusses circumstances of Queenstown which included a prairie fire, which destroyed the hay crop for the coming winter and caused the loss of several hundred head of cattle.
q) Notice: 20 x 25 cm. Notice of a CPCCL meeting to be held on 24 Dec 1890. Issued 15 Dec 1890.
r) 4 Resolutions: 33 x 20.5 cm. Enumerates the four resolutions o be ratified at the Dec. 24th 1890 meeting.
s) Letter from Maddisons: (open: 25 x 40.5 cm, closed: 25 x 20.5cm) dated Dec 19 1890, acting on behalf of 50 shareholders to wind up the corporation.
t) Letter from the CPCCL: 20 x 26.5 cm. Issued Dec. 20 1890. Rebuffs the Letter from Maddisons.
u) Report of Proceedings: 8 pages. 33.5 x 21 cm. Report of the Dec 24th 1890 meeting.
v) The Companies (Winding-up) Act 1890: The winding up act is in four pieces.
a. No. 23/ Notice: 40.5 x 25 cm. A notice that a meeting of the contributories will be held on March 25 1891 which encloses with it two forms: The General (blue paper, 40.5 x 25 cm) and Special Proxies(yellow paper, 40.5 x 25 cm)
b. A summary of the affairs of the company was included (closed: 40.5 x 25 cm)

Item · 1888
Part of Prairie Ephemera Collection

A short paper book titled “Sport in Manitoba” by Miller Christy. The book was published in 1888 by Turner & Dunnett, Printers in Liverpool, England. The book discusses various animals, methods, and locations for hunting in Manitoba. Throughout the book, there are several illustrations of hunters, animals, and outdoor scenes.

Christy, Miller
Pocock Scrapbook (1888)
FC 3216.3 P63 R64 1.1.7 · Item · 1888
Part of Roger Pocock archives

Pocock's 1888 scrapbook consists of textual and graphic material related his travels in British Columbia and Alaska.

Scrapbook contains:
Photographs of small portraits of unnamed people, wildlife, and scenes of British Columbia and Alaska.
Clippings of reviews of his book, "Tales of Western Life", articles about Alaska, articles about Pocock's travels and visits with Indigenous people, published critiques on his writing, a published editorial on Pocock's condemnation of how Indigenous people are being treated by the government, jokes and humourous stories, and current events.
Sketches and paintings of scenes in British Columbia and Alaska, totems, and Indigenous people.
Receipts.
Diary entries for the year 1888.
Letters to his father, his sister, Ethel, and from various people (such as lawyers and character references for Pocock).
Maps of British Columbia.
Typewritten manuscript copies of Pocock's stories "A Modern Pirate: The Story of an Adventure in Behring Sea" (35 pages) and "Seventh Watch: The Yokohama Pirates" (28 pages).

Pocock, Roger
FC 3213 L55 002.003 · Item · 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

Typed header reads: “Extracts from reports of Officers of the N.W. Mounted Police for 1888 on the subject of the liquor laws. / 1888. / Commissioner L.W. Herchmer.” Officers include the Commissioner, Assistant Commissioner and Superintendents Cotton, McIllree, Neale, Deane, Steele, Perry, Griesbach, and Antrobus.

Commissioner Herchmer:
“There is a feeling, however, among the farmers, and naturally, that the sale of good beer should be allowed, and that it should be brewed in the country out of the home-grown barley, the present regulations allowing a wretched apology for beer to be brewed in the country out of grape sugar and other poisons, while the brewing from home-grown malt of an article of equal intoxicating power is strictly prohibited.”
“… I unhesitatingly affirm that under the permit system and the North-West Act, as then interpreted by our judges, there was less intoxication among the whites, according to population; and there can be no comparison between the quantity of liquor then supplied to Indians and the quantities they have obtained since that portion of the Province was, as certain people call it, emancipated.”
“In the days when the Act was first introduced there were no lawyers in the Territories and appeals were almost unheard of . . . Since the advent of lawyers everything has changed.”
“A saloon keeper of any experience keeps about enough liquor on his premises to fill his permits, and whenever ‘pulled’ by the Police he produces his permits, or those of his friends, and keeps his reserve stock of contraband liquor in hay stacks and manure heaps, closets and other hiding places of the same sort”
“The profits of the trade being enormous our men are all the time subject to the temptation of, to them, immense bribes, to pass a cargo, and who can wonder, under such conditions, that they sometimes fall.”
“I think it would be advisable to permit the establishment of breweries of sufficient capacity to support an Inland Revenue officer, as small concerns without much at stake are liable to be tempted to evade the law, particularly as regards Indians.”p.2
“In Calgary I may safely say we have captured more liquor consigned to two druggists than to any two saloon keepers in that town.”p.2

Assistant Commissioner:

“The liquor law is not working at all satisfactorily, and is no doubt being evaded, and would be, even if there were five times as many police as there are. The law is unpopular. This accounts for the great difficulty we experience in connection with it. It is almost impossible, under the existing state of the law, to get a conviction.” p.2

Superintendent Neale:

“Nearly all classes of the community in this district are antagonistic to the existing liquor laws, and there are very few indeed who will not assist in the smuggling of liquor.” p.4

Superintendent Steele

“The reason for passing the Act was to prevent the sale of intoxicants to Indians, and for that purpose answered very well, . . . . no serious trouble has been caused since from the drunkenness of the Indians; but when the same law is applied to the whites it is quite another thing.” p.5
“Under the system of smuggling, which prevails, the dealer brings in pure alcohol, and by the admixture of pernicious drugs and water makes it into an article resembling whiskey in color but most dangerous in its effects.” p.5

Herchmer, L.W. (Lawrence William)
FC 3213 L55 002.007 · Item · 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

Typewritten, “1888: Whiskey informers & detectives: Newspaper articles re. Extract from the Medicien (sic) Hat ‘Times’ of Sept 10, 1887. THE INFORMER: Considerable consternation was imminent in the city Monday over the rumour that a whiskey informer was at large.”

Pencil notation, “1889 – no. 401: Liquor question N.W.T. General Memorandum.”

Dealer believes this is a Letter to the Editor written by Commissioner L.W. Herchmer.

Herchmer, L.W. (Lawrence William)
FC 3213 L55 002.010 · Item · February 16, 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

A typewritten copy of an extract from the Regina Journal newspaper dated February 16, 1888. The extracted article deals with how the Mounted Police conducted a recent liquor search. Mr. F. Arnold, proprietor of Lansdowne Hotel, accuses four NWMP officers of entering his wife’s bedroom while she was still in bed during their search of his hotel. He does not give names of officers.

FC 3213 L55 002.016 · Item · July 18, 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

“The Northwest Prohibition Farce” newspaper clipping from the Calgary Tribune and dated July 18, 1888.
An editorial piece protesting the exemption granted the Canadian Pacific Railway from the permit-based liquor laws of the time.
“In another column will be found the announcement that permission has been granted to the Canadian Pacific Railway hotel in Banff to import and sell wine and beer as a beverage, and the Mounted Police authorities have received instructions not to interfere with them in the carrying on of that business. . . . The Government at Ottawa (by whom the Lieutenant-Governor of these Territories has unquestionably been authorized in this case) seem to be under the impression that the people of this country are a lot of serfs and nincompoops who have no conception of the rights of freemen . . . ”

Item · May 11, 1888
Part of Prairie Ephemera Collection

A report titled “The Abortive Fenian Raid on Manitoba” which was written by the Honourable Gibert McMicken in 1888. The report was delivered to the Historical and Scientific Society of Manitoba on May 11, 1888. The subject of the report is “An Irish Republic in Manitoba planned but crushed early” and McMicken outlines the series of events that led to the avoidance of a raid by the Fenian Brotherhood, an Irish republican organization.

McMicken, Gilbert, Hon.
FC 3216.3 P63 R64 1.3.3 · Item · [c. 1888]
Part of Roger Pocock archives

Travel notes written on piece of paper with the Tulameen Hotel letterhead, undated. This was a hotel in Princeton, BC. The notes are about travel details going from Princeton to Hope, BC. Denotes distances between various landmarks and where 'feed' can be found. It is unclear if these were notes on a planned journey or from a completed journey.

Pocock, Roger
Item · May 4, 1888
Part of Prairie Ephemera Collection

A printed copy of a speech delivered to the Historical Society of Manitoba by vice-president Charles N. Bell on May 4, 1888. It consists mostly of quotes and summaries from a work titled "Journal of Alexander Henry to Lake Superior, Red River, Assiniboine, Rocky Mountains, Columbia and the Pacific, 1799 to 1811, to establish the fur trade" and focuses on the time period between July 1800 and June 1801 and Henry's interactions with the Saulteaux (Ojibwa, Nakawe) First Nations people. There is a second document included in the booklet between the cover and first page titled "Transactions and Proceedings of the Historical and Scientific Society of Manitoba, from it's Organization in 1879 till the close of the Society's Year 1888-89; being Transactions Nos. 1 to 34, and Annual Reports for the Years 1880-1888." It consists only of the first leaf of what was presumably another booklet and contains the table of contents.

Bell, Charles N.
FC 3213 L55 002.002 · Item · 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

A nine (9) page mimeographed copy of an 1888 draft report written by L.W. Herchmer, Commissioner of the North West Mounted Police. The Commissioner makes reference to the “liquor question,” the ongoing law enforcement issues within the North West Territories with regards to controlling the sale of liquor. The report shows some handwritten corrections and margin notes indicating the portions which were printed in the final report and submitted to Parliament.

Herchmer, L.W. (Lawrence William)
FC 3213 L55 002.009 · Item · February & March 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

A single sheet of paper onto which three (3) letters to the editor of the Regina Journal newspaper have been typewritten.

In red type:
“Copy file No. 302/1888. REGINA ARTICLE IN JOURNAL RE SEARCHING LANDSDOWN HOTEL FOR LIQUOR 15 Feb. ’88:”

In black type:
“Regina, 21 Feb. 1888
Sir: With reference to the article which appeared in the Regina ‘Journal’ of the 18th instant respecting a recent search of the Lansdown Hotel in this Town, for liquor, conducted by Insp. McGibbon, I have the honor to inform you that I have had the matter of the statements made in the article above referred to thoroughly investigated and find them to be untrue.
Mrs Arnold, the wife of the proprietor of the Hotel, informed Supt. Deane that the Editor of the Regina ‘Journal’ while sitting in the bar room of the Lansdown, read out in her hearing what purported to be an account of the police visit to that Hotel, and she then said to him: ‘Oh! Mr Atkinson, I cannot allow you to publish such a thing as that, the men did not come inside my bedroom at all, and were perfectly civil.’ Or words to that effect.
The Comptroller, Ottawa
I have, etc.
(L.W. Herchmer) Commr.

5th Mar. 8
Sir, Referring to your letter of the 21st ultimo, respecting the searching of the Lansdowne Hotel at Regina for Liquor, I am glad to be placed in possession of the statement of Mrs Arnold which exonerates the police from the charge of incivility. The article in the Regina Journal of the 16th ulto states on Mr Arnold’s authority: ‘Only last Sunday drunken policemen bothered him to such an extent that he was compelled to lock the door. The police threatened to break the door in but dared not do it.’
It would be gratifying to know that this statement also can be contradicted.
I have the honor, etc.
The Commr, NWMP, Regina.
Comptroller

Regina 10 March 8
Sir: In reply to your No. 302 of the 5th instant, on the subject of the searching of the Lansdowne Hotel at this place for liquor, I have the honor to inform you that there is no proof that the men who threatened to kick Arnold’s door in were policemen.
If they were, I am of the opinion that Reg: No- 2041 Constable Lynch was one of the party as he was punished for having overstayed his pass the night the alleged disturbance is stated to have taken place.
I have the honor, etc.
The Comptroller, Ottawa
(Sgd) L.W. Herchmer
Commissioner”

Herchmer, L.W. (Lawrence William)
Liquor in the Territories
FC 3213 L55 002.012 · Item · April 5, 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

Two (2) clippings from the Lethbridge News newspaper dated April 5, 1888. The clippings make up the editorial response to NWMP Commissioner L.W. Herchmer’s annual report printed elsewhere in the same issue.

FC 3213 L55 002.015 · Item · July 4, 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

Newspaper Clipping from the Macleod Gazette, dated July 4, 1888.

“A Fierce Affray. / Hungarian Miners Resist The Police. / A Free Fight the Result, in Which Several Police and Civilians are Injured – Eighteen Arrests Made.”

Byline is “Lethbridge News.”

“On Sunday last the celebration of a wedding took place and a large amount of beer was consumed, quite a number of the participants becoming intoxicated. At around 21 o’clock three of them came outside the house and commenced fighting. Sergt. Ross was soon on the ground and arrested the principals in the fight, when a swarm of Hungarians, headed by one Geo. Czaperalich, rushed out . . . Czaperalich came out with some others to inform the sergeant there was no picnic going on there, whereupon the sergeant immediately arrested him. Directly he was arrested a swarm of Hungarians rushed out of the cottage armed with clubs, stones, bottles and other weapons. . . . A prominent feature in the fight was the part taken by the women, one of whom particularly distinguished herself by her agility in high kicking.”

FC 3213 L55 002.017 · Item · July 19, 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

“Prohibition v. License” newspaper clipping. Black ink handwriting indicates the clipping is taken from the Moosomin Courier dated July 19, 1888.

The writer objects to "the subpoenaing of a number of our fellow-townsmen to give evidence for the Crown against two of our hotel keepers for selling liquor without a permit from the Lieutenant-Governor of these Territories."

QE 22 B45 A4 1.25 · Item · 20 April 1888
Part of Robert Bell Collection

Incoming correspondence from Alex Matheson regarding an outstanding account balance. Correspondence sent from Rat Portage, Ontario to the Geological Survey headquarters in Montreal, Quebec.

QE 22 B45 A4 1.26 · Item · 15 May 1888
Part of Robert Bell Collection

Incoming correspondence from Alex Matheson mentioning that Dr. Bell is now a member of the Ontario Mining Commission Board. Invoice for Dr. Bell of $27.22. Correspondence sent from Rat Portage, Ontario to the Geological Survey headquarters in Montreal, Quebec.

FC 3213 L55 002.004 · Item · December 29, 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

Two page mimeographed copy of a letter written to the Commissioner of the NWMP in Regina by J.H. McIllree Supt. Commanding “E” Division.
The letter contains extracts from a police report written by Corporal Walker. Corporal Walker conducted an inspection of Pullman Saloon which is “normally kept by J. McNeil” but is actually kept by a local man known as “Smithey” who is described as “the most notorious of the whiskey men in Calgary.” All kinds of whiskey and intoxicants were found on the property, covered by permits largely made out to “Smithey” under variations of his own name, the name of “a woman he keeps” and a bartender.
Sgd. McIllree claims his recommendation that permits not be issued to these individuals “has been over-ruled . . . by the personal exertions of the Judge of the Supreme Court and the members of the legislative assembly for this District.”

McIlree, John Henry
FC 3213 L55 002.014 · Item · June 23, 1888
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

Two clippings from the Toronto Mail, “North-West Drinks” June 23, 1888 and “The Whiskey Trader” July 5, 1888. Both are stapled to a sheet of paper. Typed on the reverse in red ink “File D42, 1888: LIQUOR LAW N.W.T. – ARTICLE IN TORONTO MAIL by ‘G’ re.”

Both articles are written by someone identifying themselves as 'G' and are reprinted from the New York Evening Post.

“North-West Drinks. / How the Liquor Law Works on the Prairies. / Prohibition in the North-West Territories – Substitutes for Liquor – The North-West Mounted Police and Their Work – Hunting Whiskey Traders – A Bootless Chase.”
“ ‘G’ writes as follows to the New York Evening Post from Fort McLeod, N.W.T.:”

“The Whiskey Trader. / How He Pursues His Calling In the Territories. / Looked Upon as a Desperate Character – How He Looks at the Law – His Methods – A Capture and an Escape – A Race for Freedom.”
“The following is ‘G.’s’ second letter to the New York Evening Post from Fort MacLeod, N.W.T.:”

Item · 1888-02-23 - 1905-07-07
Part of Prairie Ephemera Collection

Correspondence received by the Dominion Lands Office, primarily addressed to a Mr. D. S. McCannell Esq., with variations including McCannel, McConnell, MCannel, and sometimes just Dominion Lands Agent or 'Dear Sir.' They mostly deal with the granting of homesteads under the Dominion Lands Act to individuals in Assiniboine, N. W. T., what is now the province of Saskatchewan.

FC 3213 L55 002.005 · Item · January 9, 1889
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

Three page copy of a Calgary police report written by Sergeant Ernest Cochrane to the Officer Commanding “E” Division. Sergeant Cochrane summarizes the alcoholic beverages and permits found during his searches conducted the afternoon of January 9, 1889 of Alberta Saloon, D. Cameron’s Saloon, and Pullman. He includes brand names, permit numbers, names on permits, and the number of both whole and broken bottles.
Sergeant Cochrane points out that 8 bottles of gin were found in Pullman in a search conducted December 28, 1888 but that Pullman now has 11 whole bottles and 1 broken bottle of gin while still producing the same permit number seen in the previous search. “This shows an increase of . . . 3 bottles and no new permit to cover the evident augmentation of quantity.” Sergeant Cochrane writes that “[m]y only hope is the possibility of stopping the supply in transit.”

FC 3213 L55 042 · Series · 1889 - 1920
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

An archive of 52 interesting and significant letters by Thomas “Alf” Patrick and his wife Marion (1889-1904). Almost all letters come with their original stamped mailing envelopes (49 envelopes in total). 44 letters are by Thomas and 8 by Marion.
Most of the letters are handwritten and signed, ranging from a single page up to five pages, often closely written. 3 are typed and signed.
In the case of letters by Thomas Patrick, many of the letters to his wife are almost in diary form recording events as they happened [often mailed from Regina]. Some letters are written when Patrick was physically sitting in the Legislative Chambers waiting for events to unfold there. These are usually on embossed North West Territory Legislative stationery.
Three themes run through the archive:

  • Significant political matters and events surrounding the period when Patrick served in the North West Territories Legislature
  • Historical events on the Prairies
  • Issues relating to a lack of infrastructure and a changing societal and political landscape due to heavy immigration into the
    Prairies.
  • Life on the Prairies in the late 19th and early 20th centuries
  • The close personal relationship and related family matters between two early pioneers in Saskatchewan
    Topics covered include: medical, legislative matters, Indians and half-breeds, railway events, life in Saltcoats and Regina, Saskatchewan, land investments, illnesses on the prairies, people (Clifford Sifton and Frederick Haultain) and related topics, immigration, Mennonites, Hungarians, Doukhobors, infrastructure, visiting patients, and much more.
Patrick, Thomas Alfred
Item · 1889
Part of Prairie Ephemera Collection

A souvenir book of drawings of significant locations and buildings in Winnipeg, Manitoba. All of the drawings are on one page that expands. Some examples of the drawings in the book are the Leland House, St. John’s College, the General Hospital, Holy Trinity Church, and Knox Church. The images were done by Louis Glaser of Leipzig and New York. The caption inside the album reads "Ent. acc. to Act of Parliament, in the year One Thousand Eight Hundred and Eighty-Nine, by the Toronto News Company, in the Office of the Minister of Agriculture."

Glaser, Louis
QE 22 B45 A4 1.45 · Item · 31 October 1889
Part of Robert Bell Collection

Incoming correspondence from George S. McTavish discussing his travel plans to Toronto and reporting to Winnipeg. McTavish also writes that he has a good chance at joining the Service. Correspondence sent from Montreal, Quebec to Robert Bell.

Item · September 14, 1889
Part of Life, Events, and Players in the North-West

Place: Saltcoats, Assiniboia

From: Alf, T.A.P. [Thomas A. Patrick]

To: Miss Marion Griffith, Byron, Ontario, Canada

Delivery: registered Canadian Post, via London, postmarks

Details: 11pp + envelope, note on envelope “240” and “246”

Notes: Alf tells of a party he attended, an abscessed knee he treated, his good opinion of Bishop Anson of Qu’ Appelle, and an eyebrow he sutured. Alf enjoys teaching and is pleased to also be paid for it. He is unhappy at the unexpectedly high taxidermy bill for the mounting of a pelican. Alf had news of the death by consumption of his cousin, Mary Ann Hobbs, and it is expected that her father and sister will also pass soon. Alf has arranged to rent a house owned by Mr. Fisher, with plans to live in one bedroom while sub-renting part to Mr. and Mrs. Lauder and part to Mr. Cumming. A suit Marion selected for him arrived and Alf is very pleased with it. Writing again later, on returning from Crescent Lake to treat Mr. Kent, Alf believes the man to die soon and will not be charging the family as they are in financial straits.

Patrick, Thomas Alfred